Alain de Botton on the Benefits of Being Away from Home

Estrada Nacional 2, Alentejo, Portugal. Photo: Toni Amengual

Though we tend to love our homes and think of them as anchors of identity, there are also disturbing ways in which they can fix us unhelpfully to a version of ourselves we no longer wish to side with. The familiar curtains and pictures subtly insist that we should not change because they do not, our well-known rooms can anaesthetize us from a more urgent, necessary relationship with particular questions.

It may not be until we have moved across an ocean, until we are in a hotel room with peculiar new furniture and a view onto a motorway and a supermarket full of products we don't recognize that we start to have the strength to probe at certain assumptions. We gain freedom from watching the take-offs and landings of planes in a departure lounge or from following a line of distant electricity pylons from a train making its way across barren steppes. In the middle of a foreign landscape, thoughts come to us that would have been reluctant to emerge in our own beds. We are able to take implausible but important leaps, encouraged by the changes around us, from the new light switches to the cyrillic letters blinking in illuminated signs all around us.

Being cut loose from the habitual is the essential gift of travel, as uncomfortable as it may be psychologically fruitful. Christianity once took our feelings of dislocation and placed them at the heart of a thesis as to the spiritual benefit of pilgrimages. Without accepting the church's analysis, we may nevertheless be inspired by its approach to the value of feeling like a lonely outsider. As much as any destination, it is isolated periods in untried hotel rooms, in paleozoic canyons, in disintegrating palaces and empty service station restaurants that facilitate an underlying psychological or spiritual point of our journeys. (The Observer, Sunday, June 6th, 2010)

Alain de Botton is the author of many books including 'How Proust Can Change Your Life' , 'The Art of Travel' , 'Essays in Love' and 'A Week at the Airport: A Heathrow Diary'.

Living Alone Does Not Mean Living Lonely

By ERIC KLINENBERG

The New York Times, February 4, 2012

MORE people live alone now than at any other time in history. In prosperous American cities — Atlanta, Denver, Seattle, San Francisco and Minneapolis — 40 percent or more of all households contain a single occupant. In Manhattan and in Washington, nearly one in two households are occupied by a single person.

By international standards, these numbers are surprising — surprisingly low. In Paris, the city of lovers, more than half of all households contain single people, and in socialist Stockholm, the rate tops 60 percent.

The decision to live alone is common in diverse cultures whenever it is economically feasible. Although Americans pride themselves on their self-reliance and culture of individualism, Germany, France and Britain have a greater proportion of one-person households than the United States, as does Japan. Three of the nations with the fastest-growing populations of single people — China, India and Brazil — are also among those with the fastest growing economies.

The mere thought of living alone once sparked anxiety, dread and visions of loneliness. But those images are dated. Now the most privileged people on earth use their resources to separate from one another, to buy privacy and personal space.

Living alone comports with modern values. It promotes freedom, personal control and self-realization — all prized aspects of contemporary life.

It is less feared, too, for the crucial reason that living alone no longer suggests an isolated or less-social life. After interviewing more than 300 singletons (my term for people who live alone) during nearly a decade of research, I’ve concluded that living alone seems to encourage more, not less, social interaction... 

FCKH8 on Gay Pride Day

HAPPY PRIDE

All pics + texts form FCKH8.com Facebook wall

What is an Internet Troll?

By Timothy Campbell

July 13, 2001 

Here are a few excerpts from Timothy Campbell's article on Internet trolls: An Internet "troll" is a person who delights in sowing discord on the Internet. He (and it is usually he) tries to start arguments and upset people. Trolls see Internet communications services as convenient venues for their bizarre game. For some reason, they don't "get" that they are hurting real people. To them, other Internet users are not quite human but are a kind of digital abstraction. As a result, they feel no sorrow whatsoever for the pain they inflict. Indeed, the greater the suffering they cause, the greater their 'achievement' (as they see it). At the moment, the relative anonymity of the net allows trolls to flourish. Trolls are utterly impervious to criticism (constructive or otherwise). You cannot negotiate with them; you cannot cause them to feel shame or compassion; you cannot reason with them. They cannot be made to feel remorse. For some reason, trolls do not feel they are bound by the rules of courtesy or social responsibility. Perhaps this sounds inconceivable. You may think, "Surely there is something I can write that will change them." But a true troll can not be changed by mere words.

Why does it Matter? Some people -- particularly those who have been online for years -- are not upset by trolls and consider them an inevitable hazard of using the net. As the saying goes, "You can't have a picnic without ants." It would be nice if everybody was so easy-going, but the sad fact is that trolls do discourage people. Established posters may leave a message board because of the arguments that trolls ignite, and lurkers (people who read but do not post) may decide that they do not want to expose themselves to abuse and thus never get involved. Another problem is that the negative emotions stirred up by trolls leak over into other discussions. Normally affable people can become bitter after reading an angry interchange between a troll and his victims, and this can poison previously friendly interactions between long-time users. Finally, trolls create a paranoid environment, such that a casual criticism by a new arrival can elicit a ferocious and inappropriate backlash. The Internet is a wonderful resource which is breaking down barriers and stripping away prejudice. Trolls threaten our continued enjoyment of this beautiful forum for ideas. The only way to deal with trolls is to limit your reaction to reminding others not to respond to trolls. When you try to reason with a troll, he wins. When you insult a troll, he wins. When you scream at a troll, he wins. The only thing that trolls can't handle is being ignored.

What about Free Speech? When trolls find that their efforts are being successfully resisted, they often complain that their right to free speech is being infringed. Let us examine that claim. While most people on the Internet are ardent defenders of free speech, it is not an absolute right; there are practical limitations. For example, you may not scream out "Fire!" in a crowded theatre, and you may not make jokes about bombs while waiting to board an airplane. We accept these limitations because we recognize that they serve a greater good. When a troll attacks a message board, he generally posts a lot of messages. Even if his messages are not particularly inflammatory, they can be so numerous that they drown out the regular conversations (this is known as 'flooding'). Needless to say, no one person's opinions can be allowed to monopolize a channel. The ultimate response to the 'free speech' argument is this: while we may have the right to say more or less whatever we want, we do not have the right to say it wherever we want. You may feel strongly about the fact that your neighbor has not mowed his lawn for two months, but you do not have the right to berate him in his own living room. Similarly, if a webmaster tells a troll that he is not welcome, the troll has no "right" to remain. This is particularly true on the numerous free communications services offered on the net.

Conclusion Next time you are on a message board and you see a post by somebody whom you think is a troll, and you feel you must reply, simply write a follow-up message entitled "Troll Alert" and type only this: The only way to deal with trolls is to limit your reaction to reminding others not to respond to trolls. By posting such a message, you let the troll know that you know what he is, and that you are not going to get dragged into his twisted little hobby.

members.aol.com/intwg/trolls.htm#WIA

Quoting Groucho Marx :)

"I find television very educating. Every time somebody turns on the set, I go into the other room and read a book."

"I never forget a face, but in your case I'll be glad to make an exception."

"Military intelligence is a contradiction in terms. Military justice is to justice what military music is to music."

"Money frees you from doing things you dislike. Since I dislike doing nearly everything, money is handy."

"My mother loved children -- she would have given anything if I had been one."

"She got her looks from her father. He's a plastic surgeon."

"Those are my principles, and if you don't like them... well, I have others."

"I don't have a photograph, but you can have my footprints. They're upstairs in my socks."

"Age is not a particularly interesting subject. Anyone can get old. All you have to do is live long enough."

"Either this man is dead or my watch has stopped.

“Politics is the art of looking for trouble, finding it everywhere, diagnosing it incorrectly and applying the wrong remedies.”

The Almost Lost Art of Doing Nothing_book review

By Negar Azarshab

Medium, 24 April 2024

In today’s fast-paced world, we often find ourselves caught up in the hustle and bustle of everyday life, constantly bombarded with stimuli from our phones, computers, and the endless stream of news and social media updates. This constant state of busyness can lead to feelings of stress, anxiety, and even burnout.

Dany Laferrière’s book, The Almost Lost Art of Doing Nothing, offers a refreshing and thought-provoking perspective on the importance of slowing down and savoring the simple pleasures in life. Through a series of witty and insightful essays, Laferrière explores the various ways in which we’ve lost touch with the art of doing nothing, and he provides practical suggestions for how to reclaim it.

A World of Distractions

Laferrière begins by lamenting the fact that we live in a world that seems to be constantly at war with stillness and silence. We’re surrounded by noise and distractions, and we’re constantly on the go. This has led to a decline in our ability to relax and focus, and it has also made it more difficult to appreciate the beauty of the world around us.

Laferrière argues that this constant state of busyness is not only unhealthy but also counterproductive. When we’re constantly rushing from one thing to the next, we’re never able to fully engage with any of it. We’re more likely to make mistakes, and we’re less likely to be creative or innovative.

The Importance of Stillness

Laferrière makes a compelling case for the importance of stillness and silence. He argues that these are not luxuries but necessities. When we take the time to slow down and quiet our minds, we open ourselves up to a world of possibilities. We become more aware of our surroundings, and we’re better able to appreciate the simple things in life.

Laferrière offers a number of suggestions for how to reclaim the art of doing nothing. He suggests that we start by making a conscious effort to unplug from our devices and spend some time in nature. He also encourages us to practice mindfulness and meditation.

A Call to Slow Down

The Almost Lost Art of Doing Nothing is a call to action. It’s a reminder that we don’t have to live our lives at a breakneck pace. We can choose to slow down, savor the moment, and enjoy the simple things in life.

This book is a must-read for anyone who is feeling overwhelmed or stressed by the demands of modern life. It’s a reminder that it’s okay to take a break sometimes, and that doing nothing can be just as productive as doing something.

Here are some additional thoughts on the book:

• Laferrière’s writing is witty and engaging, and he makes his points in a way that is both thought-provoking and entertaining.
• The book is full of practical advice for how to reclaim the art of doing nothing.
• The Almost Lost Art of Doing Nothing is a timely and important book that has the potential to change the way we live our lives.

I would highly recommend this book to anyone who is looking for a way to slow down and simplify their life.

All That We Share_advertising

As this Danish TV ad opens, Danes file quietly onto a soundstage, stepping into outlined areas on the floor — areas meant to define them. "The High Earners" versus "Those Just Getting By." "Those We Trust" versus "Those We Try To Avoid." Lifelong Danes, versus those new to Denmark. Divisions you will find not just in Denmark, but in any country on Earth.

However, a man begins to ask questions: "Who in this room was the class clown?", "Who are stepparents?", "How many of you love to dance?" Quickly, the "Us versus Them" narrative falls apart. People begin to step out of their so-called defining boxes. It's a heartwarming reminder that our perceived labels do not define us. If we look below the surface, we can find common ground with those we perceive as most different to ourselves.

A jewel of an advert and a moving tribute to a small great country. Advertising can indeed help make a better world.

No one’s ready for this

Our basic assumptions about photos capturing reality are about to go up in smoke.

By Sarah Jeong, The Verge, August 22, 2024 (excerpts)

An explosion from the side of an old brick building. A crashed bicycle in a city intersection. A cockroach in a box of takeout. It took less than 10 seconds to create each of these images with the Reimagine tool in the Pixel 9’s Magic Editor. They are crisp. They are in full color. They are high-fidelity. There is no suspicious background blur, no tell-tale sixth finger. These photographs are extraordinarily convincing, and they are all extremely fucking fake. 

Anyone who buys a Pixel 9 — the latest model of Google’s flagship phone, available starting this week — will have access to the easiest, breeziest user interface for top-tier lies, built right into their mobile device. This is all but certain to become the norm, with similar features already available on competing devices and rolling out on others in the near future. When a smartphone “just works,” it’s usually a good thing; here, it’s the entire problem in the first place.

Photography has been used in the service of deception for as long as it has existed. (Consider Victorian spirit photos, the infamous Loch Ness monster photograph, or Stalin’s photographic purges of IRL-purged comrades.) But it would be disingenuous to say that photographs have never been considered reliable evidence. Everyone who is reading this article in 2024 grew up in an era where a photograph was, by default, a representation of the truth. A staged scene with movie effects, a digital photo manipulation, or more recently, a deepfake — these were potential deceptions to take into account, but they were outliers in the realm of possibility. It took specialized knowledge and specialized tools to sabotage the intuitive trust in a photograph. Fake was the exception, not the rule. 

If I say Tiananmen Square, you will, most likely, envision the same photograph I do. This also goes for Abu Ghraib or napalm girl. These images have defined wars and revolutions; they have encapsulated truth to a degree that is impossible to fully express. There was no reason to express why these photos matter, why they are so pivotal, why we put so much value in them. 

Our trust in photography was so deep that when we spent time discussing veracity in images, it was more important to belabor the point that it was possible for photographs to be fake, sometimes. This is all about to flip — the default assumption about a photo is about to become that it’s faked, because creating realistic and believable fake photos is now trivial to do. We are not prepared for what happens after...

No one on Earth today has ever lived in a world where photographs were not the linchpin of social consensus — for as long as any of us has been here, photographs proved something happened. Consider all the ways in which the assumed veracity of a photograph has, previously, validated the truth of your experiences. The preexisting ding in the fender of your rental car. The leak in your ceiling. The arrival of a package. An actual, non-AI-generated cockroach in your takeout. When wildfires encroach upon your residential neighborhood, how do you communicate to friends and acquaintances the thickness of the smoke outside?

We briefly lived in an era in which the photograph was a shortcut to reality, to knowing things, to having a smoking gun. It was an extraordinarily useful tool for navigating the world around us. We are now leaping headfirst into a future in which reality is simply less knowable. The lost Library of Alexandria could have fit onto the microSD card in my Nintendo Switch, and yet the cutting edge of technology is a handheld telephone that spews lies as a fun little bonus feature. 

We are fucked!

Link to the full text.

B.O.O.K.

Introducing B.O.O.K., the new Bio-Optic Organized Knowledge device.

B.O.O.K is a revolutionary break-through in technology: no wires, no electric circuits, no batteries, nothing to be connected or switched on. It's so easy to use, even a child can operate it. Compact and portable, it can be used anywhere, even sitting in an armchair by the fire; yet it is powerful enough to hold as much information as a CD-ROM disc.

Here's how it works: B.O.O.K. is constructed of sequentially-numbered sheets of paper (recyclable), each capable of holding thousands of bits of information. The pages are locked together with a custom-fit device called a binder which keeps the sheets in their correct sequence. Opaque Paper Technology (OPT) allows manufacturers to use both sides of the sheet, doubling the information density and cutting costs. Experts are divided on the prospects for further increases in information density; for now, B.O.O.K.s with more information simply use more pages. Each sheet is scanned optically, registering information directly into your brain. A flick of the finger takes you to the next sheet.

B.O.O.K. may be taken up at any time and used merely by opening it. B.O.O.K. never crashes or requires rebooting, though, like other devices, it can become damaged if coffee is spilled on it and it becomes unusable if dropped too many times on a hard surface. The "browse" feature allows you to move instantly to any sheet, and move forward or backward as you wish. Many come with an "index" feature, which pinpoints the exact location of any selected information for instant retrieval.

An optional "B.O.O.K.mark" accessory allows you to open B.O.O.K. to the exact place you left it in a previous session -- even if the BOOK has been closed. B.o.o.k.marks fit universal design standards; thus, a single bookmark can be used in B.O.O.K.s by various manufacturers. Conversely, numerous B.O.O.K.markers can be used in a single B.O.O.K. if the user wants to store numerous views at once. The number is limited only by the number of pages in the B.O.O.K. You can also make personal notes next to B.O.O.K. text entries with optional programming tools, like Portable Erasable Nib Cryptic Intercommunication Language Styli (P.E.N.C.I.L.S.).

Portable, durable, and affordable, B.O.O.K. is being hailed as a precursor of a new entertainment wave. B.O.O.K.'s appeal seems so certain that thousands of content creators have committed to the platform and investors are reportedly flocking to invest. Look for a flood of new titles soon.

+ El libro, dice Umberto Eco, es como la rueda: una vez inventado no se puede hacer nada mejor. Cada 23 de abril, cuando se conmemora el Día del Libro, hace regresar la polémica sobre la agonía de este producto, a punto de ser arrojado al basurero de la historia, según sus enemigos.

En una obra reciente (Nadie acabará con los libros), Eco y J. C. Carrière conversan sobre ese asunto y se preguntan por los efectos de la rápida caducidad de los nuevos soportes (vídeo, cedé, DVD). Esa caducidad impide ver lo que compramos hace 10 años con los reproductores actuales, en contraste con la facilidad con que la continuidad del soporte libro permite leer uno escrito hace siglos.

Circula por la red este vídeo descacharrante sobre la última novedad en materia de lectura, un producto caracterizado por no necesitar cables, circuitos ni baterías, utilizable en cualquier lugar, que puede ser escaneado ópticamente para ser registrado directamente por el cerebro, y cuyo nombre es B.O.O.K.

Puede ser una fantasía de nostálgicos, pero es cierto que las cerillas hubieran sido consideradas un gran adelanto de haberse inventado después, y no antes, que los mecheros. Además, también se auguró el fin de la pintura con la fotografía, el del teatro con el cine, y el del cine con la televisión; y fallaron las casandras. Por lo demás, incluso si el libro de papel desapareciera, seguirían siendo necesarios los escritores, lo cual es una garantía de continuidad. Como advirtió Bertolt Brecht a los generales, sus bombarderos necesitan hombres que los piloten. No existen máquinas capaces de escribir libros digitales.

Artículo relacionado: Quiero leer en papel

10 Steps to Happiness

Cinema Paradiso: Learning English with Moving Images

By CARLOS MARTÍN GAEBLER

It is often said that Spaniards have a longstanding idiomatic deficit when it comes to speaking a foreign language. This is partly due to a very simple fact: hardly ever are they exposed to hearing foreign languages spoken on TV or at the cinema, since all of the films they watch and hear are dubbed into their native language. Naturally, they are not well prepared to develop an ear for English. They find learning it much more difficult than, for instance, their Portuguese neighbours, who are used to hearing English-speaking films or series on a regular basis. This same pattern occurs in other EU countries, such as The Netherlands, Denmark or Sweden, which, together with a more efficient bilingual education system, accounts for the high standard of English of their citizens.

The rich variety of highly-acclaimed English-speaking films and series produced in Britain, Ireland, the United States, Canada, Australia or New Zealand provide you with the opportunity of enjoying a vast diversity of actors’ accents: Ralph Fiennes in The English Patient; Emma Thompson and Anthony Hopkins in The Remains of the Day; Helen Mirren in The Queen; Nicole Kidman in Dogville; Meryl Streep and Clint Eastwood in Bridges of Madison County; Hugh Grant in Love Actually; Heath Ledger in Brokeback Mountain, or all the different American accents in Crash. Therefore, using moving images to improve your English is of utmost importance in an increasingly multilingual global society.

Here are some tips aimed at helping advanced learners of English (living in Seville) to obtain a better understanding of today’s lingua franca. Current releases with Spanish subtitles can be seen at the Avenida, Metromar or Nervión Plaza cinemas (discount day is Wednesday). Another option is seeing films with English subtitles from the Speak Up dvd series (you can check out some of them at the self-learning section of the Engineering School library on the Cartuja campus), which come with a helpful glossary, or enjoying the digital technology of DVDs, which also allows you to watch and read a film at the same time. Besides, seeing an English-speaking film with English subtitles online is strongly recommended because you experience the film directly in English from beginning to end without having to read a Spanish translation of it.

If you happen to be a television fan, TV platforms nowadays offer you the possibility of watching films and series in their original version. Finally, the legendary Metrópolis from La 2 screens subtitled short films or advertising selections from time to time. (See TV listings.)

In short, remember that hearing a dubbed film is like experiencing only half of it because the voices of actors and actresses who star in films are essential to fully enjoy cinema. Somebody once said, “Watch a hundred films and you’ll find the meaning of life”. Ultimately, watching foreign films and series in the original version is just another way of broadening your cultural horizons.

NORMAL IS BORING

 

      Self-explanatory

Un idioma es una forma de ver el mundo

Se ha observado en experimentos que se dan respuestas distintas a cuestiones morales cuando se plantean en la lengua materna o en un segundo idioma. Los traductores simultáneos automáticos pueden hacer menos útiles tareas como la traducción o el aprendizaje de un segundo idioma.

Por DANIEL MEDIAVILLA

El País, 19 de agosto de 2023 

Hay un experimento clásico que pone a un voluntario en el brete de decidir qué hacer con un vagón que avanza descontrolado hacia cinco trabajadores que no pueden verlo. El voluntario observa la escena desde lo alto de un puente junto a otra persona. Si le empuja a las vías, ese individuo morirá, pero detendrá el vagón y salvará cinco vidas. Cuando el experimento se realiza con personas que hablan dos idiomas y responden en su lengua materna, el 20% deciden que sacrificar a una persona es aceptable por salvar a cinco. Cuando responden en su segundo idioma, la cifra se eleva al 33%. El efecto se explica porque, cuando se habla una lengua extranjera, se tiende a tomar decisiones menos emocionales y más utilitaristas.

Ese cambio, tan importante en un ámbito tan personal como la moral, muestra que el idioma no es solo un modo de percibir el mundo o codificarlo. Cada lenguaje activa distintas regiones neurales que pueden cambiar el modo en que nos relacionamos con lo que nos rodea. Borges defendía que el inglés, más sintético y directo, producía una evocación más definida y poderosa de la realidad, mientras en el español estaba enmarañado por localismos que ofrecían muchos sinónimos, pero no más posibilidades de expresarse con precisión.

¿Puedes aprender idiomas mientras duermes? Viorica Marian dirige desde el año 2000 el Laboratorio de Investigación en Bilingüismo y Psicolingüística de la Universidad del Noroeste, en Chicago (EE UU), donde estudia de forma sistemática estas diferencias. Uno de los puntos de partida de Marian, nacida en Moldavia, es que la psicolingüística se ha centrado durante mucho tiempo en las personas monolingües, mayoría en EE UU, pero menos frecuentes en el resto del mundo. La investigadora recuerda que la realidad es una recreación producida por nuestro cerebro y que diferentes idiomas activan diferentes redes neurales. En su último estudio, publicado en la revista Science Advances, se muestra cómo tanto personas bilingües como monolingües agrupan y recuerdan las palabras que suenan igual, aunque su significado sea diferente.

Los angloparlantes que no hablaban otro idioma, por ejemplo, cuando escuchaban la palabra candle (vela en inglés), además de esa palabra, le prestaban atención a una palabra similar como candy (dulces), aunque tenga un significado completamente diferente. En los bilingües que también hablaban castellano la cosa se complica, porque su interés se dirige también a las palabras de su otro idioma. Por ejemplo, en el caso de candle, además de a candy, su atención se dirigía a la palabra candado.

Estos resultados sugieren que “en los bilingües los dos idiomas siguen activos y esto influye también en la memoria, porque las personas que hablaban dos idiomas, cuando se les preguntaba por los objetos que había en la lista que les habíamos enseñado, los recordaban mejor que los monolingües”, señala Matías Fernandez-Duque, primer autor del trabajo. Estos datos, plantea Fernández-Duque, apuntan a una mayor flexibilidad cognitiva en las personas que usan dos idiomas, algo que tiene efectos fisiológicos. “Hay estudios que han visto que la aparición de los efectos del alzhéimer en bilingües se retrasa hasta cinco años en comparación con individuos monolingües con condiciones similares”, ejemplifica.

Con este estudio se muestra, según los autores, “que la experiencia del idioma no solo influye en cómo la gente percibe su entorno, sino también lo que recuerdan a largo plazo”. “Esto puede explicar en parte por qué el mismo suceso puede ser recordado de forma diferente por distintas personas”, añaden. Como plantean otros resultados del equipo de Marian, aprender un segundo idioma cambia nuestro cerebro, la forma de sentir y recordar, y hasta las decisiones que tomamos.

En los próximos años, es probable que las tecnologías de traducción simultánea reduzcan el interés por aprender otros idiomas. En un paso más hacia la homogeneización de la población global. Los políglotas, ahora multitud, pueden empezar a ser una rareza. En todo el mundo, solo el 1% de las 6.000 lenguas registradas tienen más de medio millón de hablantes, y solo el 10% supera los 100.000. “Si pensamos que los idiomas afectan a cómo pensamos, que se pierda un idioma no solo es perder una forma de acceder a una cultura. También se pierde una forma de ver el mundo”, opina Fernández-Duque. “Creo que es importante que pensemos en cómo proteger estos idiomas en peligro de extinción”, concluye.

Wanderlust. Ode to the joys of travel

Estrada Nacional 2, Portugal. Photo: Toni Amengual

By Ap Dijksterhuis

Holland Herald, August 2018

What’s behind our drive to seek out new faces, places and vistas? The secret is simple – just get up and go to find out. Renowned Dutch social psychologist Ap Dijksterhuis gives you four reasons why you should start travelling right now:

Travel inspires and makes us more creative. 

Travel increases our lifespan. 

Travel broadens the mind, connects people and stamps out prejudice.

Travel creates happiness.

Travel broadens the mind and makes short shrift of any prejudice. When you only get your information from TV or other media, you’re not seeing the whole picture. You see government officials, not the actual people. You’re confronted with a rude world leader, not the millions of people who are embarrassed and ashamed by him. Travel connects people. The more people you meet from all different parts of the world, the more you realise how similar we really are. Every human being wants security, shelter, preferably some measure of freedom and, of course, an environment that allows them and their children to flourish. First and foremost, humans are human, no matter where they grow up – Australia or Algeria, Ecuador or England. Travel encourages us to let go of negative ideas about others, about people from far away. I’m not afraid to say that if only those Brits who travel frequently had been allowed to vote in the referendum, there would probably be no Brexit today.

Think back to your last trip for a moment, and try to recall everything you did and experienced. You’re probably flooded with wonderful (and perhaps a few not-so-wonderful) memories. Indeed, we went to see the Sagrada Familia in Barcelona, and had a great meal afterwards. We strolled along the Ramblas. Or: in Bangkok, we went to see the 46m-long reclining Buddha of Wat Po, and then went on a riverboat tour. Fine. Now think about that time when you were at home, a few months back. Does that stir any memories or recollections? Probably very few. 

Our brain keeps track of time. Not in minutes or hours, but subjectively, by the amount of impulses it receives. The more you experience – the more new or exciting things you do – the longer the brain will believe a period of time lasted. Because of that, a regular workweek at home often seems to dissolve quickly and without a trace, while a week spent travelling yields such intellectual wealth that looking back on it might appear to be looking back on a month.

And this bears repeating - even during their travels people are happier. Once we’ve set out, worries and tension flow from our bodies. No dentist’s appointments to go to, no spread-sheets to pore over, the uncomfortable conversation with your manager is instantly forgotten, and the agitated discussion on your coworkers’ group app goes right over your head – even if you read any of it, it’s easy to distance yourself with a smile. Let them figure it out, you think, I’m not getting involved. But perhaps the most important reason why travel makes us happy, is that travellers tend to practice what the Buddha is said to have advised as early as 2,500 years ago: we live in the ‘now’. Travellers experience so much, that they simply cannot look beyond the moment. At night, they might review the past day, or look forward to the day ahead, but that’s it. On top of that, travellers engage in something new every day. On the road, no two days are the same. Our brains just love that. 

Albert Einstein's Prediction

Palabras para un cambio educativo real

El profesor Nino Cervera Martín, desde una isla canaria para el mundo.

V.O.: La voz humana

Por CARLOS MARTÍN GAEBLER

Una de las prácticas más nefastas de la dictadura franquista era el doblaje de películas extranjeras, lo que ayudaba a censurar convenientemente cualquier diálogo considerado incorrecto por el régimen nacionalcatólico. El pensamiento único que, cual martillo pilón, propició el fascismo español también exigía un idioma único, que suprimió las otras lenguas españolas y, por supuesto, evitó cualquier lengua extranjera en las películas que se proyectaban en cines o, a partir de los años sesenta, en televisión. La consecuencia de este hábito inculto produjo un empobrecimiento idiomático progresivo en los españoles, circunstancia que tristemente hemos arrastrado hasta la actualidad. Y así, mientras nuestros vecinos portugueses se manejan con soltura en inglés o en francés, los españoles que pretenden hablar un idioma distinto al suyo materno se han de enfrentar a una desventaja de partida: no tienen hecho el oído a escuchar lenguas extranjeras porque ni las televisiones ni la mayoría de los cines respetan la versión original de las películas de ficción. Sólo en los últimos años se ha extendido la buena costumbre de ver y escuchar películas en VO (subtituladas en español) en diversas ciudades españolas, privilegio hasta hace poco únicamente de Madrid y Barcelona. Una generación de españoles cinéfilos y cosmopolitas reclama su derecho a disfrutar del cine en todo su esplendor. 

Pero hay más consideraciones que hacer. Escuchar una película doblada es equiparable a escuchar una sinfonía de Beethoven interpretada por una orquesta de música ligera, o a leer un poema de Federico García Lorca traducido a otro idioma. La voz humana es una riqueza en sí misma; suplantarla es como dejar que el espectador simplemente vea el filme amputado pero no lo oiga como fue originalmente creado. Este flagrante atentado contra la obra artística priva al espectador del placer de la palabra dicha, de la interpretación completa (acto + texto) de los actores y actrices del celuloide y ahora del soporte digital. Las voces dobladas carecen del relieve que atesoran las voces originales de los intérpretes. Gozar con las voces de otros nos enriquece como personas. Si bello es escuchar recitar un poema con duende, igualmente gozoso es oír la cadencia de una escena cinematográfica emotiva. A mi memoria vienen las voces llenas de matices y de empaque de Paul Newman, Joan Crawford, Marlon Brando, Gerard Depardieu, Marcello Mastroianni, Emma Thompson, Juliette Binoche, Meryl Streep, Clint Eastwood, o Hugh Grant, por citar sólo a algunos.

  

Hoy en día, la técnica del subtitulado simultáneo permite seguir los diálogos de cualquier película o serie televisiva sin demasiado menoscabo de la experiencia audiovisual. El espectador poco habituado a leer mientras ve tardará poco en poder simultanear ambos actos; y, casi sin darse cuenta, empezará a disfrutar de la autenticidad de las voces originales, que, no olvidemos, representan el 50% de toda película hablada. Una vez despertado el gusanillo, se preguntará cómo pudo alguna vez escuchar películas o series dobladas. Compartir y comentar el visionado de una película en la pantalla gigante de una sala de cine con otros ciudadanos (sin interrupciones comerciales ni telefónicas) es en sí mismo un hermoso acto social. ¡Pasen y oigan la voz humana original!

Postdata para nacionalistas: Escuchar películas españolas que han sido rodadas en catalán, vasco o gallego dobladas al castellano denota incultura, genera desafección y alimenta, lógicamente, el sentimiento secesionista. Es un hábito torpe que no respeta la riqueza idiomática de un país con cuatro lenguas vivas que son patrimonio de todos. Negarse a oír estas películas españolas en su lengua vernácula, con subtítulos en castellano, revela pobreza cultural y estrechez mental. Es como pegarse un tiro en el pie. • cmg2012

Reclaiming Conversation

Renowned media scholar Sherry Turkle investigates how a flight from conversation undermines our relationships, creativity, and productivity—and why reclaiming face-to-face conversation can help us regain lost ground.

We live in a technological universe in which we are always communicating. And yet we have sacrificed conversation for mere connection.

Preeminent author and researcher Sherry Turkle has been studying digital culture for over thirty years. Long an enthusiast for its possibilities, here she investigates a troubling consequence: at work, at home, in politics, and in love, we find ways around conversation, tempted by the possibilities of a text or an email in which we don’t have to look, listen, or reveal ourselves.

We develop a taste for what mere connection offers. The dinner table falls silent as children compete with phones for their parents’ attention. Friends learn strategies to keep conversations going when only a few people are looking up from their phones. At work, we retreat to our screens although it is conversation at the water cooler that increases not only productivity but commitment to work. Online, we only want to share opinions that our followers will agree with – a politics that shies away from the real conflicts and solutions of the public square.

The case for conversation begins with the necessary conversations of solitude and self-reflection. They are endangered: these days, always connected, we see loneliness as a problem that technology should solve. Afraid of being alone, we rely on other people to give us a sense of ourselves, and our capacity for empathy and relationship suffers. We see the costs of the flight from conversation everywhere: conversation is the cornerstone for democracy and in business it is good for the bottom line. In the private sphere, it builds empathy, friendship, love, learning, and productivity.

But there is good news: we are resilient. Conversation cures.

Based on five years of research and interviews in homes, schools, and the workplace, Turkle argues that we have come to a better understanding of where our technology can and cannot take us and that the time is right to reclaim conversation. The most human—and humanizing—thing that we do.

The virtues of person-to-person conversation are timeless, and our most basic technology, talk, responds to our modern challenges. We have everything we need to start, we have each other.